DETERMINATION OF VOLCANIC HAZARDS ZONES IN THE NEVADOS DE CHILLÁN VOLCANIC COMPLEX THROUGH NUMERICAL MODELING.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23854/07199562.2026621.barraKeywords:
Ash, Landslides, Numerical Modeling, Volcano, Hazard.Abstract
Volcanic eruptions represent one of the most complex natural processes with the greatest impact on Chilean territory. The interaction between geological, atmospheric, and human components creates scenarios in which volcanic hazards combine with varying degrees of social and territorial vulnerability. In this context, the Nevados de Chillán Volcanic Complex (CVNCh) stands out as one of the most active and closely monitored systems in the country, due to its location in an area with resident population, tourism, and economic activities.
This research aims to model two critical components of volcanic hazards: ash dispersion and landslide susceptibility in the CVNCh area. To this end, open-access numerical and geospatial tools were applied. Ash dispersion was simulated using the Ash3D model, which allows for the representation of volcanic material transport and deposition in the atmosphere, considering eruptive, meteorological, and topographic parameters. Meanwhile, landslide susceptibility was analyzed using the SHALSTAB model, which integrates hydrological and geomorphological factors to identify potentially unstable zones under eruptive or extreme weather conditions.
The results made it possible to delineate the areas with the greatest exposure to ashfall and landslides, highlighting the vulnerability of nearby tourist centers. This integrated approach provides a practical tool for territorial planning and preventive management in anticipation of future eruptions.
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